外文-世文薪火學術沙龍 第二十四期
探究大地上的風景:發現前-風景與後浪漫主義
野田研一
如果借用梭羅的術語,風景是“第二自然”或者“次自然”,表達一種自然觀。這種自然觀認為我們的感官以一套審美的、或意識形态的、或傳統的、或文化的方式把自然界看成前組織、前結構、格式化以及文本的風景。與風景再現不同,自然環境本身應該被稱為“前-風景”,指沒有經過語言描述的事物,無形無序。人們為了自身的目的要把空間變得有形有序從而創造了風景。因此,自然世界與人類知識或土地與風景之間的間隙就是我要讨論的問題。我的論述借用風景與前-風景或風景與大地二元對立觀。
此講通過閱讀日美作品,讨論日本文學中的風景觀,尤其是日本現代文學中的風景觀:現代日本作家如何回應風景的觀念。要解決與風景概念緊密相關或者源自風景概念的“前-風景”與“後浪漫主義”的曆史與認識論問題,我們要采取日美文學比較的方法以便澄清風景觀對現代作家而言意味着什麼。我的主要關注點是日本或者美國作家如何處理和理解後浪漫主義風景觀中特有的“前-風景”、“野性”或者“荒野”觀。(使用語言:英語、日語)
Landscape is a “secondary nature” or “second nature,” if I borrow from Thoreau’s terminology, and it signifies a view of the natural world which is pre-organized, pre-structured, stylized, and textualized as landscape by our senses together with a set of aesthetics or ideology or tradition or culture incorporated into our gaze. Contrary to the landscape representation, the natural environment as it is should be called as “pre-landscape” which refers something unarticulated by language, a shapeless chaos from which “landscapes are created by men intent on ordering and shaping space for their own ends.” (John R. Stilgoe) Thus the gap between the natural world and human knowledge, or between land and landscape, is the problem to which my argument addresses by using the dichotomy of landscape/pre-landscape or landscape/land.
In this lecture I would like to discuss the idea of landscape in Japanese literature, specifically that in the modern literature in Japan: how modern Japanese writers responded to the idea of landscape, through reading several passages written by Japanese and American writers. Focusing on the historical and epistemological problems like “pre-landscape” and “post-Romanticism,” which are closely related to and derived from the concept of landscape, a comparative approach between Japanese literature and American literature will be taken to clarify what the idea of landscape means to the modern writers. My main concern is to observe how the writers, either in Japan and in the U.S, have been grappling with and reached to the idea of “pre-landscape” or that of “wildness” or “wilderness” which characterizes the post-Romantic landscape idea.
主講人:野田研一(Noda Kenichi)
日本著名美國文學研究專家、立教大學名譽教授。1974年畢業于中央大學文學科,1978年畢業于立教大學大學院文學研究科英美文學專業,獲碩士學位。曆任劄幌商科大學英文科、金澤大學教育學部副教授,2002年任立教大學大學院異文化交流研究科教授。1993年創立日本環境文學學會(ASLE-Japan)并任會長。創辦《文學與環境》雜志。著有:《交感と表象 ネイチャーライティングとは何か》(松柏社 2003)、《自然を感じるこころ ネイチャーライティング入門》(ちくまプリマー新書 2007)、《失われるのは、ぼくらのほうだ 自然?沈黙?他者 (エコクリティシズム?コレクション)》(水聲社 2016)等。另有多部著作被翻譯成中文:《越境之地》(中國社會科學出版社 2014)、《自然和文學的對話》(中國社會科學出版社 2014)、《日本生态文學前沿理論研究》(中國社會科學出版社 2014)等。
主持人:宋麗麗
時間: 2018年3月22日周四 12:00-13:00
地點: 文南樓204會議室